Animation is a series of many, many pictures shown in rapid sequence to simulate movement. For example, Mickey Mouse appears to be moving because a picture is drawn of each tiny movement he "makes" in the scene. Hope that helps.
Visual Processing and Film
Whether you're talking animation or live action photography
filming, the basic science of moving pictures is the same. When a person
views a moving object in real life, the human brain retains the image
of a moving object for longer than that image is actually present. This
creates an opportunity to convince the brain's image processing centers
that a series of fast, still images are actually moving pictures. While
live action filming takes a series of still, chronological images of
moving objects to be played back in sequence, animation synthesizes this
process through the creation of individual frames by artists. The human
brain will perceive motion when watching a series of moving images
presented at a speed as slow as 10 frames per second, but the motion
will appear jerky. A rate of 16 images per second creates an impression
of a moving image virtually indistinguishable from live motion.
Traditional Animation
Traditional animation is created when an animator, or group
of animators, makes a series of still images which are photographed and
used to create film, or played in a sequence using a computer program.
Each individual drawing represents a fraction of a section of the
progress of a moving image. The art of animation drawing is therefore
highly complex because it requires not only the skill of drawing, but
the skill of observing and capturing very gradual changes in movement
and lining up each drawing accurately with the last. The process of hand
animation is usually streamlined through the use of animation cells. An
animation cell is a sheet of clear plastic which is laid over a
finished drawing. The finished drawing contains the background of the
animated scene and any objects that won't be moving during the scene,
while a series of cells are painted with the progressive images of the
characters and moving objects. This saves time by requiring the
animator(s) to only draw multiple images of the few moving objects
rather than the entire scene. It also keeps the background consistent.
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